Why Eczema Suddenly Flares Up in Adults (and What to Do)

Eczema isn’t just a childhood condition; many adults experience sudden and unexpected flare-ups, often leaving them puzzled and frustrated.

If you’ve noticed your skin becoming red, itchy, and inflamed out of nowhere, you’re not alone. Understanding why eczema can suddenly reappear or worsen in adulthood is key to managing it effectively.

Let’s explore this further now.

A Look at the Types of Adult Eczema

There are several types of eczema that can affect adults, each with distinct characteristics and triggers.

1. Atopic Dermatitis. Atopic dermatitis is the most common form of eczema, often beginning in childhood but sometimes appearing for the first time in adulthood. It is characterized by dry, itchy, and inflamed skin, typically on the face, neck, and folds of the elbows and knees.
2. Contact Dermatitis. Contact dermatitis occurs when the skin comes into direct contact with an irritant or allergen, leading to an inflammatory response. Symptoms include red, itchy, and sometimes blistered or weeping skin at the site of contact.
3. Nummular Eczema (Discoid Eczema). Nummular eczema is characterized by coin-shaped, itchy patches of inflamed skin, often on the arms, legs, or torso.
4. Dyshidrotic Eczema. Dyshidrotic eczema affects the hands and feet, leading to small, itchy blisters.
5. Seborrheic Dermatitis. Seborrheic dermatitis is a chronic form of eczema that primarily affects areas of the skin with a high concentration of oil glands, like the scalp, face, and upper chest. It is characterized by greasy, scaly patches that can be itchy and inflamed.
6. Stasis Dermatitis. Stasis dermatitis occurs in people with poor circulation, typically in the lower legs. Symptoms include swelling, redness, and itchy, scaly patches, often accompanied by varicose veins.
7. Neurodermatitis, also known as lichen simplex chronicus, is characterized by thick, scaly patches of skin that result from excessive scratching.
8. Lichen Simplex Chronicus. This type of eczema results from chronic scratching or rubbing of the skin, leading to thickened, leathery patches. The affected areas are often intensely itchy and can become darker in color.

Common Triggers of Eczema Flare-Ups in Adults

Here are some of the reasons why you may have had a sudden flare up of eczema.

• Weather Changes: Fluctuations in temperature, humidity, and season changes can lead to dry skin, which can trigger eczema.
• Pollutants and Allergens: Airborne pollutants, dust mites, pet dander, pollen, and mold can irritate the skin and trigger eczema.
• Emotional Stress: Stress is a significant trigger for eczema flare-ups. When stressed, the body releases hormones like cortisol, which can cause inflammation and worsen eczema symptoms.
• Food Allergies: Certain foods can trigger eczema in some adults, especially if they have food allergies. Common culprits include dairy, eggs, nuts, soy, and gluten.
• Harsh Soaps and Detergents: Many soaps, detergents, and cleaning products contain chemicals and fragrances that can strip the skin of its natural oils, leading to dryness and irritation.
• Synthetic Fabrics: Materials like wool, polyester, and certain dyes can irritate sensitive skin and cause flare-ups.
• Hormonal Fluctuations: Women may experience eczema flare-ups due to hormonal changes, particularly during menstruation, pregnancy, or menopause. These hormonal shifts can lead to increased skin sensitivity and dryness.
• Infections: Both skin and upper respiratory infections can exacerbate eczema symptoms.
• Excessive Sweating: Sweating, especially during exercise or in hot weather, can trap moisture and irritants against the skin, leading to itching and flare-ups.
• Fragrances and Personal Care Products: Fragrances in perfumes, lotions, and other personal care products can cause irritation and allergic reactions in sensitive skin, leading to eczema flare-ups.
• Hard Water: Hard water, which is high in calcium and magnesium, can exacerbate eczema by drying out the skin and making it more prone to irritation.

What to Do When Eczema Flares Up

If you’re in the midst of an eczema flare up, here are some simple steps you can take that might help.

Moisturize and Then Moisturize Some More

Apply a thick, fragrance-free moisturizer or emollient immediately after bathing and throughout the day to lock in moisture and protect the skin barrier. Opt for ointments or creams over lotions, as they are more effective in keeping the skin hydrated.

Apply Exuda Cream

Made with soothing natural ingredients, Exuda is a natural eczema cream that offers fast relief from the symptoms associated with eczema.

Safe for both adults and kids, Exuda is your eczema skin companion. 

Take Antihistamines

Taking oral antihistamines can help reduce itching, especially at night, allowing you to get better sleep. Use non-drowsy antihistamines during the day if itching interferes with your daily activities.

Avoid Scratching

To prevent further irritation and potential infection, keep your nails trimmed short. You can also apply a cold compress to the affected area to soothe itching and reduce inflammation.

Keep Stress to a Minimum

Practice stress-reducing activities like deep breathing, yoga, meditation, or gentle exercise to calm your mind and body. It’s also important to ensure that you get adequate sleep, as fatigue can exacerbate eczema symptoms and reduce your ability to cope with stress.

Wear Soft, Breathable Clothing

Choose soft, breathable fabrics like cotton to minimize skin irritation. Avoid wool, polyester, and other synthetic materials that can aggravate eczema. Loose-fitting clothing also helps reduce friction against the skin.

Avoid Known Triggers

Pay attention to what might have triggered the flare-up and avoid those factors, whether they are certain foods, allergens, or environmental conditions. Stick to gentle, fragrance-free soaps, detergents, and skincare products to minimize irritation.

Seek Medical Advice

If over-the-counter treatments aren’t providing relief, or if your eczema is severe, consult your healthcare provider. They may prescribe stronger medications, such as oral corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, or antibiotics if an infection is present.

Final Thoughts

An eczema flare-up is less than ideal, but there are a number of ways to treat and prevent it.

With consistent effort and care, you can avoid those annoying itching and red patches as much as possible.